Hi Kim and Steph. I've just joined this site and saw your request. Maybe you have already found out the info before you require, but I thought I'd help. As a lawyer and an immigrant to Montreal, I've a lot of experience in this field.
It depends on what country you are coming from. To live in Quebec you have to first apply for a Certificate of Selection from the Quebec Embassy closest to you (from the UK, I had to apply to the one in Paris). As long as you have some education/skill, and some funds you should be OK getting this certificate. Once granted, you can apply for Canadian Permanent Residency from the nearest Canadian Embassy (I applied to London). The whole process can take a year, or more. BUT if you first enter Canada with a work permit,you can apply for the Certificate/PR in-country. This however can make the process longer, but at least you will be living in Montreal. My partner, who is French (we've also been together for 11 years) applied for his residency in-country, and it took longer than my application outside Canada.
I hope this helps. I'm sure you loved Montreal during your visit. I've lived here for 3 years and am loving life here. If you like hot summers,the arts, festivals and great skiing in the winter, this is the place for you.
Best regards,and good luck.
George
PS Get back to me if you need some more help.
PPS There are loads of great dog parks in Montreal. We have 2 dogs, and spend a lot of time in these parks.